Sufism

Suhrawardi was executed in Aleppo in 1191 at age thirty-six for teachings deemed too radical by the jurists of his time

Suhrawardi's philosophical system did not just remain controversial in the abstract - it got him killed at the order of the ruler under pressure from the jurists of his time.

Suhrawardi was executed in Aleppo in 1191 at the age of thirty-six, put to death according to the historical accounts preserved in later Islamic philosophical scholarship, under pressure from jurists who considered his teachings on illumination and ancient Persian wisdom dangerously unorthodox. The specific charges brought against him remain debated among historians, but his posthumous title al-Maqtul, the Killed One, fixed his execution as a permanent part of how later tradition remembers him. His death at such a young age makes the size and ambition of his surviving philosophical corpus, including Hikmat al-Ishraq, especially striking, cut short at what might otherwise have been mid-career. His execution placed him alongside al-Hallaj in a small company of mystics and philosophers within the Islamic world killed for teachings judged too radical by the religious authorities of their day.

The epithet al-Maqtul, the Killed, attached to Suhrawardi's name in later scholarship functions almost as a second title, marking him permanently as a philosopher executed for his ideas.