Stoicism

Temperance and Self-Mastery

Temperance is the virtue of moderation, governing desires and pleasures so that reason rather than appetite directs one's life.

Sophrosyne — temperance or self-discipline — keeps desires in proper proportion. The Stoic does not suppress all pleasure but refuses to let pleasure or aversion override rational judgment. Mastery of the self creates the freedom to choose virtue consistently regardless of circumstances.

First say to yourself what you would be; and then do what you have to do.

Epictetus, Discourses, 3.23

Stoic temperance requires ongoing vigilance, which is why daily reflection and journaling were recommended practices.

Discourses